n.

1. 牛肉[U]
   He loves beef steak.

   他爱吃牛排。

2. 食用牛[C]
3. （屠宰后的）牛体[C]
4. 肌肉；体重；膂力；努力[U]
   Work hard, put some beef into the design.

   努力吧！在这个设计上加把劲。

   Plenty of exercise will take some of the beef off you.

   多多运动可以给你减掉一些体重。

5. 【美】【俚】抱怨，牢骚[C]
   What's your beef this time?

   这次你的牢骚是什么？

   My beef is that it took too much time.

   我的抱怨是太花时间了。

   He wouldn't listen to my beef against his subordinates.

   他不愿听我对他下属所发的牢骚。

vi.

1. 【美】【俚】抱怨，发牢骚[（+about）]
   He is forever beefing about that.

   他没完没了地为那事抱怨。

2. 申诉，告发

vt.

1. 养（牛）
2. 【口】加强，增强；改进[（+up）]
   Security needs beefing up.

   保安措施需要强化。

n.

1. the flesh of a cow, bull, or ox, used as food.
   ▸

   (pl. beeves /biːvz/ )

   Farming  a cow, bull, or ox fattened for its meat.
2. informal flesh with well-developed muscle.
   ▸strength or power.
   ▸the substance of a matter.
3. (pl. beefs)
   informal a complaint or grievance.

v.

1. (beef something up) give something more substance or strength.
2. complain.