n.[C]

1. 铁夹钳；夹钳；铁箍
2. 约束物，束缚物；约束，束缚[（+on）]
   cramps on free thinking

   对自由思想的约束

vt.

1. 用夹钳夹紧
2. 限制；约束；妨碍
   Her education was cramped by her lack of money.

   她因缺钱而无法深造。

3. 使（车子前轮）转向

a.

1. 狭窄的；受限制的；难懂的

n.

1. 抽筋，痉挛[C][U]
   The swimmer was seized with a cramp and had to be helped out of the water.

   那个在游泳的人突然抽起筋来，让别人帮着上了岸。

2. （腹部）绞痛[P]

vt.

1. 使痉挛[H]

n.

1. painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, typically caused by fatigue or strain.
   ▸ (cramps) N. Amer. abdominal pain caused by menstruation.
2. a tool, typically shaped like a capital G, for clamping two objects together.
   ▸ (also cramp-iron) a metal bar with bent ends for holding masonry together.

v.

1. restrict or inhibit the development of.
2. fasten with a cramp or cramps.
3. suffer from cramp.