n.[C]

1. 炉栅，炉格
2. 火炉，壁炉
   A fire was burning in the grate.

   壁炉内火在燃烧着。

3. （门窗等的）铁格栅

vt.

1. 装炉栅于；装格栅于

vt.

1. 摩擦；磨碎
   grate cheese

   磨碎干酪

vi.

1. 发摩擦声；发咯吱声
   The teacher's chalk grated on the blackboard.

   老师的粉笔在黑板上发出刺耳的摩擦声。

2. 使人烦躁，刺激[（+on）]
   His bad manners grated on everyone.

   他的无礼举止令大家不快。

   That loud music grates on my nerves.

   那震耳欲聋的音乐使我神经受不了。

v.

1. reduce (food) to small shreds by rubbing it on a grater.
2. make an unpleasant rasping sound.
3. (often grate on) have an irritating effect.

n.