refrain¹

vi.

忍住；抑制，节制；戒除[（+from）]
Please refrain from spitting on the sidewalk.
请不要在人行道上吐痰。

vt.

refrain from

同义:

vt.避免

反义:

vi.,vt.“避免；节制；戒除”的反义词

refrain²

n.

以上来源于：《英汉大辞典》

v.

(usu. refrain from) stop oneself from doing something.

ME: from OFr. refrener, from L. refrenare, from re- (expressing intensive force) + frenum ‘bridle’.

n.

a repeated line or number of lines in a poem or song, typically at the end of each verse.

▸the musical accompaniment for a refrain.

ME: from OFr., from refraindre ‘break’, based on L. refringere ‘break up’ (because the refrain ‘broke’ the sequence).

以上来源于：《简明牛津英语词典》