a.

1. 粗糙的；表面不平的
   Her hands were rough with work.

   她的双手因工作而变得粗糙。

2. 毛茸茸的；蓬乱的
3. 未加工的；粗加工的，粗制的
   They built a rough model out of sticks and wire.

   他们用木条和金属丝做了个粗制的模型。

4. 干粗活的；需要体力的
5. 粗略的，初步的[Z]
   I had a rough idea where the sunk ship lay.

   我粗略知道沉船的位置。

6. 粗暴的；粗野的，粗俗的
   Martin had a rough manner.

   马丁举止粗野。

7. 暴风雨的；狂暴的；剧烈的
   The ship sailed in rough seas.

   这船在波涛汹涌的海面行驶。

8. 粗陋的，简陋的；不讲究的
   They lived a rough life on a small island.

   他们在小岛上过着简陋的生活。

9. 【口】难受的，艰难的
   They have been having a rough time recently.

   他们近来的日子很不好过。

10. （声音等）粗糙刺耳的；（酒等）烈性的；（药物等）强烈的
11. 【语】送气的

ad.

1. 粗糙地，粗略地
2. 粗暴地
   Do not treat a naughty child rough.

   不要粗暴地对待顽皮的孩子。

n.

1. 高低不平（或杂草丛生）的地面；（高尔夫球场上生杂草的）深草区[U]
2. 未（或粗）加工状态；粗制品[U][C]
3. 梗概，要略；草样；草图[C][U]
   The pencil is near the pile of roughs.

   铅笔就在一叠草图旁。

4. 【主英】粗暴的人；流氓，暴徒[C]
5. 艰难；（生活的）苦难方面[U][P1]

vt.

1. 使不平，使粗糙
   This kind of cloth is easily roughed.

   这种布容易起毛。

2. 使（毛发等）蓬乱
3. 粗制，制……的毛坯[（+out）]
4. 草拟，画……的轮廓[（+in/out）]
5. 粗暴对待；殴打[（+up）]

vi.

1. 变粗糙
2. 粗鲁行事

adj.

1. having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level.
2. not gentle; violent or boisterous:
   rough treatment.
   ▸(of weather or the sea) wild and stormy.
3. not finished tidily; plain and basic.
   ▸unsophisticated or unrefined.
4. not detailed or fully worked out:
   a rough draft of his new novel.
   ▸not precise; approximate:

   a rough guess.
5. (of a voice) harsh.
   ▸(of wine or another alcoholic drink) sharp or harsh in taste.
6. informal difficult and unpleasant.

n.

1. chiefly Brit. a disreputable and violent person.
2. (on a golf course) the area of longer grass around the fairway and the green.
3. a preliminary sketch.
4. an uncut precious stone.

v.

1. work or shape in a rough, preliminary fashion.
2. make uneven.
3. (rough it) informal live in discomfort with only basic necessities.
4. (rough someone up) informal beat someone up.