vt.

1. 强迫，迫使[OZ]
   I feel constrained to write and protest the decision.

   我不得不写信抗议这一决定。

2. 限制；束缚；拘禁
   Our research has been constrained by lack of cash.

   我们的研究工作因缺少现金而受到限制。

3. 压制，抑制[（+from）]

v.

1. compel or force towards a course of action.
   ▸ [as adj. constrained] appearing forced.
   ▸severely restrict the scope, extent, or activity of.
2. literary imprison.
3. archaic bring about by compulsion.