n.

1. 处罚；刑罚[U][C][（+for）]
   There are now stiffer penalties for drunken drivers.

   现在对酗酒开车的处罚更严厉了。

2. 罚款[C][（+for）]
   The penalty for spitting is US$10.

   随地吐痰罚款十美金。

3. 【体】犯规的处罚；罚球[C]
   The referee gave a penalty.

   裁判处以罚球。

4. （行为等造成的）不利结果；损失；苦难[C][（+of/for）]
   He had to pay the penalties for telling lies.

   他因撒谎而不得不自食苦果。

n.

1. a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract.
2. (in sports and games) a handicap imposed on a player or team for infringement of rules, especially a penalty kick.
   ▸Bridge  points won by the defenders when the declarer fails to make the contract.