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spoil  
添加到生字笔记
KK:[spɒɪl] DJ:[spɒil]
  • v. 损坏;宠坏;抢劫;伤害;变坏
  • n. 战掠物;竞选胜利获得的好处;掠夺物;废品;掠夺

动变: 过去式:spoiled  过去式:spoilt  过去分词:spoiled  过去分词:spoilt  现在进行时:spoiling  

名复: spoils  

权威释义

vt.

  1. 损坏;糟蹋;搞糟
  2. 宠坏,溺爱
  3. (过去式和过去分词只用spoiled)【古】抢劫,掠夺
  4. 【俚】伤害,杀害,使完蛋

vi.

  1. (食物等)变坏,腐败
  2. 【古】抢劫,掠夺

n.[U]

  1. 战掠物[P]
  2. 竞选胜利获得的好处[P]
  3. 掠夺物,猎物[P]
  4. 废品;次品[P]
  5. 【古】掠夺

短语

spoil for

  1. 切望;渴望

派生

n.

spoilage

辨析

以上来源于:《英汉大辞典》

v.

(past and past part. spoilt (chiefly Brit.) or spoiled)
  1. diminish or destroy the value or quality of.
    ▸(of food) become unfit for eating.
    ▸mark (a ballot paper) incorrectly so as to invalidate one's vote.
  2. harm the character of (a child) by being too indulgent.
    ▸treat with great or excessive kindness or generosity.
  3. (be spoiling for) be extremely or aggressively eager for.
  4. archaic rob by force or violence.

n.

  1. (spoils) stolen goods.
  2. waste material brought up during the course of an excavation or a dredging or mining operation.

Phrase

  • be spoilt for choice
    Brit. have so many options that it is difficult to make a choice.

Derivative

  • spoilage n.

Etymology

ME: shortening of OFr. espoille (n.), espoillier (v.), from L. spoliare, from spolium ‘plunder, skin stripped from an animal’, or a shortening of despoil.

以上来源于:《简明牛津英语词典》


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